Fortunately here in Spain we do not have to cope with the more dangerous types of jellyfish such as the Box Jellyfish and the Sea Wasp, but stings can still be painful and spoil a good day on the beach.

Most stings occur when bathers accidentally come into direct contact with the tentacles of jellyfish. The stinging structures on the tentacles are called nematocysts, which are spring-loaded venom glands that contain small, hollow, sharp tubes. The tubes release toxin. The nematocysts are triggered by direct physical contact. When human skin comes into contact with a jellyfish, the poison is injected into the outermost layers of skin, causing the toxic reaction of a typical sting

 Most jellyfish stings result in skin eruptions, which appear as a painful, raised, red rash that itches. The rash is usually limited to the area of skin that came into direct contact with the jellyfish.

What to do if stung

Rinse the affected area with salt water or not at all. DO NOT rinse the affected area of skin with fresh water, because it will further activate nematocysts and worsen the reaction.

Using protective gloves or tweezers, remove any tentacles still in contact with the victim.

A good dowsing with white vinegar will inactivate undischarged nematocysts and the toxin and will help to decrease symptoms. Place a cloth soaked in the vinegar over the affected area (do not rub it) for 30 minutes or so. It is a good idea to carry a bottle of vinegar and some tweezers in your beach bag, along with other essentials such as sun cream and water.

An anti-inflammatory pain killer such as Ibuprofen may also be given.

There are a number of old wives’ tales regarding the treatment of jellyfish stings, including urinating on the affected area. We are assured that this is not only ineffective, but also unpleasant and may result in some strange looks from your neighbouring bathers.